Antibiotic therapy is the basis of treatment for inflammation of the prostate. Antibiotics for prostatitis are divided into several groups. The choice of a drug depends on the nature of the inflammatory process and the characteristics of the disease course in the patient. Pathogenic microorganisms often develop resistance to the drug's active substance. In these cases, antibiotic therapy is selected taking into account the susceptibility of the pathogens to certain active substances, and the drugs are prescribed only after bacterial analysis of the prostate juice.
Why are antibiotics needed?
With an exacerbation of prostatitis, the first priority is to stop the inflammatory process. For this, antibacterial therapy is indicated, since only antimicrobials can quickly eliminate the pathogen that causes the inflammatory process.
Symptomatic treatment without the use of antibacterial drugs is ineffective and gives only temporary results. Any anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic drugs for prostatitis are used only in addition to antibiotic treatment.
The elimination of disease agents allows:
- relieve pain syndrome;
- normalizes body temperature;
- improves urodynamics;
- normalizes the function of the prostate.
Thus, antibiotics for prostatitis in men can not only eliminate the inflammatory process, but also reduce symptoms. The improvement in well-being is due to the removal of swelling from the inflamed organ. The inflamed organ always increases in size and puts pressure on the surrounding tissues, which causes pain.
Antibiotics treat the symptoms and cause of the disease.
The main advantage of antimicrobials is quick action and ease of use. Treatment of prostatitis with antibiotics is done with pills, injections or suppositories.
In order for medications to really work quickly, you must choose them strictly according to your doctor's instructions. To determine the type of pathogenic microorganisms, it is necessary to undergo a series of tests, first of all - a bacterial study of the composition of prostate secretion. Only the determination of the causative agent of the inflammatory process guarantees the choice of ideal drugs that will quickly relieve exacerbation.
It is important to note that antibiotics for prostatitis are indicated only for the treatment of infectious forms of the disease, both acute and chronic. In non-infectious inflammation, the development of which is due to age-related changes or violation of the prostate trophism, the use of antimicrobials is inappropriate, just as in adenoma.
Types of drugs
In the treatment of inflammation of the prostate, preference is given to broad-spectrum drugs that are active against a large number of pathogens. This choice is explained by the fact that in some cases prostatitis is caused by the simultaneous action of several types of pathogens at the same time.
The following drugs are effective antibiotics for prostatitis:
- fluoroquinolones; cephalosporins;
- macrolides;
- tetracyclines;
- penicillins.
Each type of medicine is effective only for certain groups of bacteria.
Each of the antibiotics listed for prostatitis is active against certain microorganisms. Drugs from different groups are interchangeable, in the case where the inflammation is caused by opportunistic microorganisms, for example, E. coli.
Fluoroquinolones
Antimicrobial drugs in the fluoroquinolone group are only conventionally referred to as antibacterial drugs. In terms of pharmacological action, these agents have marked antibacterial activity, however, in terms of composition, they are not antibiotics.
The main difference between fluoroquinolones and broad-spectrum antibiotics is their synthetic composition. Fluoroquinolones, unlike antibiotics in the penicillin or tetracycline group, do not have natural analogues. This is the main advantage of drugs in this group - because there are no natural substitutes for the active substance, this means that pathogens cannot develop resistance, and treatment of chronic prostatitis with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic will be more effective.
The drugs in this group are active against most bacteria, including sexually transmitted infections (chlamydia, Trichomonas). Today, fluoroquinolone is the best medicine for the treatment of indolent bacterial prostatitis. Subject to the correct dosage and the correct choice of medication, fluoroquinolones have a rapid therapeutic effect and cause a minimum of adverse reactions compared to antibiotics. The drugs in this group are toxic, so it is important to follow the treatment schedule recommended by the doctor.
In chronic bacterial inflammation, drugs in this group are used for a long period, from 3 to 4 weeks.
The list of drugs in the group of fluoroquinolones is quite extensive, so to choose the ideal drug, it is necessary to consult a specialist. According to the doctor's prescription, the treatment regimen and duration can be adjusted.
Penicillins
In most cases, doctors prescribe penicillin-based drugs for the first episode of prostatitis. This antibiotic for prostatitis is well tolerated by the body and has a pronounced therapeutic effect, suppressing the activity of a series of opportunistic bacteria that cause inflammation of the prostate.
Most people are resistant to this group of drugs. This is due to the fact that penicillins have been used to treat any bacterial inflammation for the past 50 years. To increase the therapeutic effect, the use of combined antibiotics for the treatment of prostatitis in men is practiced - drugs with penicillins and clavulanic acid.
The use of combined drugs allows a therapeutic effect to be achieved quickly. These drugs are well tolerated, have few side effects and are affordable, which makes them popular. Among the forms of release are suppositories for prostatitis with antibiotics, pills and capsules, solutions for intramuscular injections. Despite the fact that injections of antibiotics can quickly stop inflammation, men prefer the pills in pills because of the ease of administration.
Doctors and patients speak well of these products, noting:
- pronounced antibacterial effect;
- convenient release form;
- acceptable cost;
- minimal side effects.
Thanks to clavulone in its composition, the preparations penetrate well directly into the tissues of the prostate.
The drugs in this group are used for three weeks. The maximum dosage is 1 g of active ingredient per day, which is equivalent to 1-2 tablets, depending on the form of release.
Often, these drugs cause disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, which are manifested by diarrhea, nausea and stomach pain. To minimize the negative effect on mucous membranes, you should consult your doctor about the appointment of probiotics.
Tetracyclines
The use of tetracycline antibiotics for the treatment of prostatitis in men has declined in recent years. This is due to the large number of side effects and insufficient intake of the active substance in the tissues of the inflamed prostate.
The advantage of this group of drugs is its pronounced activity against chlamydia and ureaplasma. The disadvantage is a negative effect on the gastrointestinal tract, a large number of cases of individual intolerance and negative reactions from the body.
Due to the risk of complications, you should not take this group of drugs on your own. The treatment regimen and duration of therapy are selected by the doctor individually.
Macrolides
When asked what antibiotics can be taken for prostatitis, many tend to prefer macrolides. Drugs from this group are quite common, being prescribed mainly in cases of ineffectiveness of other drugs, which occurs when pathogenic microorganisms develop resistance.
Unlike other antibiotics, macrolides have a small variety of uses. These drugs are prescribed only for inflammation caused by chlamydia, ureaplasma and gonococcal infection.
Although the mechanism of action of these drugs in an inflamed prostate is not precisely understood, the main advantage of these drugs is their low toxicity and minimal side effects. Along with a very affordable cost, this makes the drug a popular remedy for prostatitis in men.
The course of treatment depends on the severity of the inflammatory process and takes about three weeks on average. The preparations of the macrolide group are produced in the form of tablets, as well as injectable solutions, therefore, the latter are seldom used among patients due to the inconvenience of use.
Cephalosporins
Cephalosporin antibiotics are one of the most effective drugs for bacterial prostatitis. The drugs work quickly to relieve symptoms a few days after starting treatment. Due to the affordable cost, the course of drug treatment will be cheap and accessible for everyone. The drugs are well accepted by the body and have practically no side effects, but they have a significant disadvantage - they are produced only in injectable solutions. At home, not everyone can inject themselves, so treatment with cephalosporins is performed mainly in a hospital.
The treatment regimen for prostatitis with these drugs is selected by a doctor. Usually, 1 injection of the drug is prescribed per day for 7 to 14 days.
The doctor decides which medication to choose after examining the patient. The drugs in this group have a broad spectrum of action, but are inactive against chlamydia.
List of medicines in tablets
It is more convenient to treat prostatitis at home with pills or capsules. Popular drug groups in this form of release:
- penicillins;
- macrolides; fluoroquinolones;
- tetracyclines.
How to treat inflammation, as well as the duration of the course and the regimen - depends on the dosage of the medication and the form of the disease. Antibiotic therapy takes 10 to 12 days for acute inflammation and three weeks for chronic inflammation.
Antibiotic tablets are recommended to be taken immediately after meals. It is advisable to drink the capsule at the same time each day. If the drug is used several times a day, the time intervals between doses should be the same.
Antibiotic suppositories
Another convenient form of home remedy is rectal antibiotic suppositories.
The duration of treatment is 7 to 21 days, depending on the severity of the symptoms. Often, to achieve the best therapeutic effect, doctors prescribe the simultaneous use of suppositories and the use of antibiotics in tablets, while drugs with different active substances are selected. This combined therapy allows you to stop the inflammatory process as quickly as possible.
Candles are used once a day. They are inserted rectally at bedtime.
Precautions
Any antibacterial drugs have several contraindications. This list should be read before you start taking the medicine. Absolute contraindications to taking any antibiotics:
- individual intolerance;
- acute renal failure;
- acute liver failure;
- simultaneous ingestion with alcohol.
Most adverse reactions associated with antibiotic therapy come from the gastrointestinal tract. These include intestinal dysbiosis, diarrhea, stomach pain, nausea and vomiting.
If undesirable reactions occur in the body, it is allowed to replace the medication with another one with another active substance in the composition. The prescription of fluoroquinolones to replace penicillin antibiotics with the development of side effects or intolerance to them is widely practiced. However, analogs should be selected by a doctor, depending on the characteristics of the reactions to the drugs.